Source: Kenraiz
Plant Names
Sambucus canadensis
Common Elderberry
Sureau blanc
Synonyms
American black elderberry
American elder
Canada elderberry
white elder
sirop blanc
sureau du Canada
Plant Characteristics
Bloom Colour: White
Bloom Period: Jun - Jul
Max Height: 12.0 feet
Max Width: 12.0 feet (spreads by rhizome)
Light Condition:
More than 6 hours of direct sun a day
More than 2 or 3 hours but less than 6 hours of direct sun a day
Soil conditions:
Tolerates medium soil condition
Lifespan:
Perennial
plants that will come back year after year
Gardener Experience:
Spreads by rhizome
Self-seeding
Landscape Uses:
Suitable for rain gardens
Suitable for shoreline rehabilitation
Can be used as a hedge
Ecological Benefits:
Supports hummingbirds
Supports birds
Supports pollinators
Tolerates:
Tolerates salt conditions
Deer resistant
Rabbit resistant
Tolerates juglone conditions
Tolerates transplantation
Special Features and Considerations:
Seed and plant distribution status
No seeds available for this plant.
We currently accept seeds for this plant
Fun Facts
Canada elderberry is a large native shrub that produces flat clusters of fragrant white flowers in early summer followed by dark purple berries in late summer. It grows best in full sun to partial shade with moist, fertile soil.
The flowers attract native bees, butterflies, hoverflies, beetles, and many beneficial insects. The berries are an important food source for more than 50 species of birds, including robins, cedar waxwings, thrushes, woodpeckers, and grouse. Small mammals also feed on the fruit.
Fast growing.
Spreads by suckers to form colonies.
Excellent for wildlife hedges and naturalized areas.
Prune older stems every few years to maintain vigor.
Harvest only fully ripe berries.
CAUTION
⚠️ Raw leaves, stems, roots, bark, and unripe berries contain cyanogenic compounds and should not be eaten.
The flowers attract native bees, butterflies, hoverflies, beetles, and many beneficial insects. The berries are an important food source for more than 50 species of birds, including robins, cedar waxwings, thrushes, woodpeckers, and grouse. Small mammals also feed on the fruit.
Fast growing.
Spreads by suckers to form colonies.
Excellent for wildlife hedges and naturalized areas.
Prune older stems every few years to maintain vigor.
Harvest only fully ripe berries.
CAUTION
⚠️ Raw leaves, stems, roots, bark, and unripe berries contain cyanogenic compounds and should not be eaten.
Plant Location
Native to Ottawa region: Yes
Distribution according to VASCAN
Ephemeral
Native
Introduced
Excluded
Extirpated
Doubtful
Absent
Thrives in Ecozones
- Atlantic Maritime
- Boreal Shield
- Mixed Wood Plains
Ecological Benefits
Butterflies Supported by Sambucus canadensis
-
Melanchra adjuncta
Hitched Arches -
Xestia smithii
Smith's Dart
Specialized Bees Supported by Sambucus canadensis
No bee data available for this plant.
Complementary Plants
- No complementary plants found.
Substitute For Non-Native Plants
- Sorbaria sorbifolia (False spirea)
- Hydrangea (Hydrangea)
- Euonymus alatus (Burning Bush)
- Astilbe (Astilbe)
- Melilotus albus (Sweet White Clover)
Sowing Information
Download Seed Envelope Labels (PDF)
- Sowing depth: Sow just below surface
- Sow by November
- Stratification duration: 180 days
- Self-seeding
- Notes: Soak 24h, warm moist stratify 60d, then cold moist stratify 120d, but best planted outdoors in fall.
Harvesting and Seed Sharing
- Harvest start month: August
- Harvesting indicator:
- Berries are ripen and easily fall off or have fallen off
- Harvesting:
- Squeeze berries to extract seeds, wash with soapy water, rinse throroughly
- Seed viability test:
- No test needed before donating
- Packaging measure: Six (6) seeds (eyeball)
- Seed storage:
- Air dry in paper bag or open container, for a few days until crisp
- Shake seeds to move them once in a while to prevent molding
- Cultivar: Yes, do not donate unless you know source, and there are no known cultivars in your garden or at proximity
- No harvesting video available at this time.
Toxicity Notes
Toxic to mammals if ingested.
Canadensis