Red Trillium has three broad, mottled green leaves and a single, nodding flower. The flowers are usually deep red to maroon, although colour can vary from reddish-purple to pink. They appear in spring, often before the woodland canopy is fully developed. The flowers are sometimes described as having a distinctive, slightly unpleasant scent that attracts their natural pollinators. After flowering, a single berry develops and eventually matures. It is an excellent choice for a native woodland or shade garden.

Red Trillium is very slow growing and slow to establish, particularly from seed. Once established, it can form attractive colonies over many years. Keep the soil consistently moist, particularly during establishment. A thick layer of leaf mulch helps recreate its natural woodland conditions. Avoid disturbing or transplanting established plants whenever possible. The foliage naturally disappears after flowering as the plant goes dormant for the summer—this is normal and not a sign that the plant has died. Do not cut the foliage while it is still green; the plant needs the leaves to replenish its underground energy reserves. Avoid heavily fertilized or frequently disturbed garden beds.